Model of Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle III |
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| Function | Mid-Heavy Lift Launch System |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | ISRO |
| Country of origin | India |
| Size | |
| Height | 42.4 m |
| Diameter | 4.0 m |
| Mass | 630,000 Kg |
| Stages | 2 |
| Capacity | |
| Payload to LEO | 10,000 kg |
| Payload to GTO |
4,500 kg to 5000 kg[1] |
| Launch history | |
| Status | In Development |
| Launch sites | Satish Dhawan Space Centre |
| Maiden flight | Scheduled for 2012 |
| Boosters (Stage 0) - S-200 | |
| No. boosters | 2 |
| Engines | 1 Solid |
| Thrust | 5151 kn[2] |
| Burn time | 103 sec |
| Fuel | Solid |
| First stage - L-110 | |
| Engines | 2 Vikas |
| Thrust | 1,600 kN |
| Specific impulse | 300 sec |
| Burn time | 240 sec |
| Fuel | UDMH + N2O4 |
| Second stage - C25 | |
| Engines | 1 CE-20 |
| Thrust | 200 kN[3] (20 Tf) |
| Specific impulse | 450 sec |
| Burn time | 720 sec |
| Fuel | LOX/LH2 |
The GSLV-III or Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle mark III is a launch vehicle currently under development by the Indian Space Research Organization. It is intended to launch heavy satellites into geostationary orbit, and will allow India to become less dependent on foreign rockets for heavy lifting.
The rocket is the technological successor to the GSLV, however is not derived from its predecessor. The GSLV-I has a Russian-made cryogenic third stage, which is to be replaced with an identical Indian-built one for the GSLV-II. US objections based on the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) prevented the Russia-India technology transfer that would have enabled this. The maiden flight is scheduled to take place in 2012.[4][5]
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The boosters used on the GSLV-III will be the S-200, which is also designated Large Solid Booster, or LSB, which is a solid propellant stage with a mass of 200 tonnes. Two boosters will be used. Each has a diameter of 3.2 metres and a length of 25 metres. Each booster generates 560 tonnes-force (5.50 MN) of thrust at lift-off.[6]
The core stage will be the L-110 restartable liquid stage which has 110 tonnes of liquid propellant and a diameter of 4-metres. It will be the first Indian liquid engine cluster design, and will use two improved Vikas engines, each producing 75 tonnes (735 kN) of thrust. The improved Vikas engine will use regenerative cooling, providing improved weight and specific impulse, compared to earlier rockets.[6] L110 is one of the heaviest earth storable liquid stages ever developed by ISRO.[7]
The upper stage will be the C-25, powered by the CE-20 engine, fueled by 25 tonnes of LOX+LH2. It has a 4-metre diameter and is 8.2 metres long. The stage will produce 20 tonnes (197 kN) of thrust.[8]
The payload fairing will have a diameter of 5 metre and a payload volume of 100 cubic metre.[8]
In 2007, the wind tunnel tests were completed and vehicle aero-elastic test activities commenced. The vehicle configuration update was completed. All major facilities including propellant plant, vehicle assembly and integration building, mobile launch pedestal and facilities at work centers have reached the final phase of completion.
First batch of light alloy structure and motor case segments were realized at work centers. The avionics system designs have been completed and first batch of packages are being realized for qualification. Avionics assemblies layout has been finalized and integration trials for package assembly are being carried out
The Solid booster S-200 was successfully tested in 24th January 2010. During the test, the S-200 booster was fired for 130 seconds and generated a peak thrust of about 500 tonnes. The performance of the booster was exactly as predicted. Nearly 600 health parameters were monitored during the test and the initial data indicates normal performance. Second successful static test of solid booster S200 conducted at SDSC, SHAR on September 04, 2011. [9]
Indian Space Research Organisation conducted the static test of its liquid core stage (L110) of GSLV Mk III launch vehicle, for 150 seconds at its Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) test facility at Mahendragiri at 16:00 hrs on March 5, 2010.While the test was originally targeted for 200 seconds it was stopped at 150 seconds since a deviation in one of the parameters was observed. Then on 8th September the same year ISRO successfully conducted the second static testing of L110 for 200 seconds .[7] [10] Nearly 500 health parameters were monitored during the test and the initial data acquired indicated its normal performance. [7]
The work towards realization of C25 Cryogenic Engine for the GSLV-MkIII programme is progressing well. Major sub-systems of the C25 Cryogenic Engine such as Gas Generator, Turbo-pumps for the Liquid Oxygen (LOX) and Liquid Hydrogen (LH2) have been realised and tested. Preparations for the testing of one of the major subsystem viz., Thrust Chamber are underway. The integrated test of the C25 Cryogenic Engine is planned for end 2011.
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